A Content Paraphrase Focuses On

A paraphrase restates another'due south idea (or your own previously published idea) in your own words. Paraphrasing allows you to summarize and synthesize data from ane or more than sources, focus on meaning information, and compare and contrast relevant details.

Published authors paraphrase their sources most of the time, rather than directly quoting the sources; student authors should emulate this practice by paraphrasing more than than directly quoting.

When you paraphrase, cite the original piece of work using either the narrative or parenthetical citation format.

Although information technology is not required to provide a page or paragraph number in the commendation, yous may include i (in addition to the author and year) when it would help interested readers locate the relevant passage within a long or complex work (east.g., a book).

Webster-Stratton (2016) described a example instance of a 4-year-old girl who showed an insecure attachment to her mother; in working with the family unit dyad, the therapist focused on increasing the mother'southward empathy for her kid (pp. 152–153).

These guidelines pertain to when yous read a master source and paraphrase it yourself. If you read a paraphrase of a primary source in a published work and want to cite that source, it is all-time to read and cite the principal source directly if possible; if not, use a secondary source commendation.

Long paraphrases

A paraphrase may go along for several sentences. In such cases, cite the work being paraphrased on first mention. Once the work has been cited, it is not necessary to repeat the commendation as long as the context of the writing makes information technology clear that the same work continues to be paraphrased.

Velez et al. (2018) constitute that for women of color, sexism and racism in the workplace were associated with poor work and mental health outcomes, including task-related burnout, turnover intentions, and psychological distress. However, cocky-esteem, person–organisation fit, and perceived organizational support mediated these furnishings. Additionally, stronger womanist attitudes—which acknowledge the unique challenges faced past women of color in a sexist and racist social club—weakened the association of workplace discrimination with psychological distress. These findings underscore the importance of because multiple forms of workplace bigotry in clinical practice and enquiry with women of color, along with efforts to challenge and reduce such discrimination.

If the paraphrase continues into a new paragraph, reintroduce the commendation. If the paraphrase incorporates multiple sources or switches among sources, repeat the citation so the source is clear. Read your sentences carefully to ensure you have cited sources appropriately.

Play therapists can experience many symptoms of impaired wellness, including emotional exhaustion or reduced power to understand with others (Elwood et al., 2011; Figley, 2002), disruption in personal relationships (Elwood et al., 2011; Robinson-Keilig, 2014), decreased satisfaction with work (Elwood et al., 2011), avoidance of item situations (Figley, 2002; O'Halloran & Linton, 2000), and feelings or thoughts of helplessness (Elwood et al., 2011; Figley, 2002; O'Halloran & Linton, 2000).